====== 第三十六章：Django Web开发 ======

===== 本章目标 =====

完成本章学习后，你将能够：
  * 创建Django项目
  * 定义模型和视图
  * 使用Admin后台
  * 开发完整应用

===== 快速开始 =====

```bash
# 安装
pip install django

# 创建项目
django-admin startproject mysite

# 创建应用
python manage.py startapp polls
```

===== 模型定义 =====

<code python>
# polls/models.py
from django.db import models

class Question(models.Model):
    question_text = models.CharField(max_length=200)
    pub_date = models.DateTimeField('date published')
    
    def __str__(self):
        return self.question_text

class Choice(models.Model):
    question = models.ForeignKey(Question, on_delete=models.CASCADE)
    choice_text = models.CharField(max_length=200)
    votes = models.IntegerField(default=0)
</code>

===== 视图和URL =====

<code python>
# polls/views.py
from django.http import HttpResponse
from django.shortcuts import render, get_object_or_404
from .models import Question

def index(request):
    latest = Question.objects.order_by('-pub_date')[:5]
    return render(request, 'polls/index.html', {'latest': latest})

def detail(request, question_id):
    question = get_object_or_404(Question, pk=question_id)
    return render(request, 'polls/detail.html', {'question': question})
</code>

<code python>
# polls/urls.py
from django.urls import path
from . import views

urlpatterns = [
    path('', views.index, name='index'),
    path('<int:question_id>/', views.detail, name='detail'),
]
</code>

===== 本章练习 =====

1. 创建完整的Django应用
2. 使用Django REST Framework
3. 部署Django项目

下一章：[[python_course:chapter37|第三十七章：网络爬虫实战]]